A Correlation between Unequal Power Relations and the Way Language is Assignment

A Correlation between Unequal Power Relations and the Way Language is Used - Assignment Example The second of the three stages is all the more important because it has a lot to do with one’s spontaneity and judgment which ultimately become the major deciding factors in making the communication successful and effective. That is how the world draws the line of distinction between ‘great orators/authors’ and the mediocre and the bad. The choice of words, however, is a function of one’s instincts, emotions, and needs. The desire to dominate, to control, to feel powerful is a universal instinct that defies the boundaries of time and space. It is, therefore, not at all surprising that this basic instinct, or rather a base instinct, successfully manages to creep into all human transactions and manifests itself, more noticeably in the process of verbal communication. But, at the same time, the need to ‘get things done’ is also a matter of uppermost concern, and its importance cannot be understated. It is this factor that has the power to suppress the urge to dominate; it makes one willing to subordinate himself in a transaction. In any given instance, it is either the urge to dominate or the need to subordinate that finally stays, and it is decided by the prevailing equation of power in the given context. It boils down to the conclusion that â€Å"our words are never neutral; they carry the power that reflects the interests of those who speak or write.† (John Fiske, 1994; Fowler, et. al., 1979) An interesting quality of dominant discourse is that it usually represents and reinforces the interests of the elite section of the society. Professor Sue L. T. McGregor, in Critical Discourse Analysis – A Primer, says, â€Å"One of the central attributes of dominant discourse is its power to interpret conditions, issues, and events in favor of the elite.†   

Lowering the Drinking Age in America Essay Example for Free

Lowering the Drinking Age in America Essay Being eighteen in the United States of America gives each citizen a newborn freedom. However when it comes to the consumption of alcohol, being eighteen restricts one from being allowed to legally buy, or consume alcohol. The most debatable topic a supporter of changing the drinking age would argue, is that if citizens are old enough to fight for our country, they should be able to purchase an alcoholic beverage. The consumption of alcohol age should be lowered to eighteen for economic purposes to benefit the nation, and the number of drunk driving accidents could decrease. Due to just some of these reasons, the legal drinking age should be lowered from twenty-one to eighteen. If one is recognized as a legal adult, with the ability to make decisions independently, the consumption of alcohol should be held to ones discretion. When one turns eighteen, there are many decisions that can be made, but alcohol is not one of them. The ingestion of alcoholic beverages should be at ones own pleasure. With every decision made in life there is a cause and effect; both can be either good or bad. Some privileges given to an eighteen year old American with the ability to encounter decisions to make independently include: the ability to vote, marry, smoke a cigarette (in most states), enlist in the military, give sexual consent, apply for a credit card, and buy a home. The same way the consent is given to engage in sexual intercourse, there is risk of getting pregnant. Every time cigarette is lit, the number of chances of getting lung cancer increase. Without self-control, a newly obtained credit card can instantly become maxed out (pros and cons. 2014, July 18). Although, if one practices moderation the consequences listed above can be preventable. Thus being the case, then why would it not be substantial to consume alcohol? The drinking age should not be postponed to the age of twenty-one solely because if an individual can make accountable decisions based on their own body, they should have the right to do so. From the early stages of our mental development, we are taught what is right and what is wrong. Being eighteen or twenty-one does not change the logic of drinking until the point of intoxication is not what is best for you. Whether you are eighteen or twenty-one, understanding that operating a vehicle, while intoxicated, is both a hazard to yourself and others on the road, the individual just needs to be responsible. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act, was enforced during FDRs presidency, is initiated by MADD, (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) to eliminate less mature eighteen year olds, from having alcohol in their possession. (Pros and cons. 2014, July 18). However, what many fail to realize is that before the MDAA was enacted, the number of drunk driving fatalities decreased among all age groups and demographics, leaving this Act irresponsible for the positive shift in society, in 1980. There were fewer drinking and driving fatalities worldwide in countries that do not prohibit eighteen year olds from consuming alcohol. In 1980, America had less drunk driving related fatalities than any other European country with legal drinking ages under twenty-one. (Pros and cons. 2014, July 18). If the United States lowers the drinking age to eighteen, the number of drunk driving fatalities could decrease just like Europe. Movements have been set forth to help politicians realize how beneficial changing the legal age would be. In 2008, college presidents launched the Amethyst initiative, which supports the idea of lowering the drinking age to promote moderation and reduce risks common for drinkers at a younger age. This initiative recognized drunk driving as a serious problem; however it is not the only danger targeting underage drinkers. They contend that by allowing colleges and universities to have alcohol openly available to all inhabitants of its campus, risk factors such as drinking-fueled violence, alcohol poisoning, and drunken injuries would be eliminated on campuses. Essentially, because the college and/or university would be able to educate their students on the dangers of consuming alcohol, now they could take part in the activity effectively. (Cary, Mary Kate.7 May 2014) Psychologically, lowering the drinking age would eliminate many rebellious individuals from seeking the consumption of illegal alcohol. Many people set  out to do things they know are not allowed, just for the fun of it. If eighteen year olds were allowed to drink, they would not be more likely to engage in the act or be able to put themselves in harms way. In todays society, underage drinking is understood as the norm; however, it is still frowned upon. Accidents caused by drinking, is what causes the downfall of a teens drinking experience, mainly due to the fact it is looked down upon. Whether the teen was sneaking around so the cops, or their parents, would not scold them for drinking, or their friend gets sick but does not want to get in trouble for having alcohol and let their friend die. More related incidents come because of avoiding the consequences of the law. If this law of the legal drinking age did not exist, then things would turn around for the better. For example, the first time a teen gets to experience their first drink, they are less inclined to practice moderation because they understand that it is not something they are allowed to do or can easily do often, causing the teen to risk alcohol poisoning. If the consequences of underage drinking could potentially lead to jail, human nature would trigger the individual to leave the scene of the accident before they are jeopardized too. If drinking were allowed and an eighteen year old just had too much to drink that night, then calling an ambulance and seeking medical attention would not be the last thing in that individuals mind because they would not fear their livelihood. Relating back to understanding what is right or wrong, self-preservation usually overrides doing what is better for someone else, rather than themselves. More harm has come from having the drinking age at twenty-one because alcohol is still going to be consumed whether it is legally or illegally. Raising the age of alcohol consumption has not eliminated underage drinking completely; in fact a majority of alcohol is consumed by underage drinkers. The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse found that 17.5% of underage drinking accounts revenue was from underage buyers. Another study, completed in 2006 acknowledged that about 72.2% of twelfth graders in America admitted to having drunk alcohol. Since a large amount of alcohol is illegally obtained, the number of citizens complying with government regulations has declined. If anything, underage drinking has promoted the use of creating, selling and buying false identification. In todays society  where identity theft is a common concern and national security concerns are always in high alert due to illegal circulation of documents, in lieu of fraud, immigrations and terrorism, having fewer false identifications circulating throughout the United States would be safer for our nation and would show more respect for the law from its citizens (public health spot, 23,May 2014). Haste makes waste and what the government fails to realize is that aside from the perk of the well being of an eighteen year old drinker being increased, the economy can then benefit too. By changing the minimum legal drinking age to eighteen, more people would have access to legal alcohol, which would raise sales across the board. This would benefit small businesses, bars, restaurants, clubs and any other licensed establishment in the country. Also, more job opportunities will expand due to the increase in consumers, and the overall increase in demand. If alcohol sales increased, then the government would be able to collect larger amounts of tax revenue and greatly reduce spending on anti-alcohol campaigns. If so many positive outcomes could come from changing the legal drinking age from twenty-one to eighteen then why are the states not arguing to keep their legal drinking age at eighteen fighting back to regain their once acquired right? While it is indefinitely argued that state governments should have the right to establish their own legal drinking age, the federal government puts a hold on the states economy by allowing the age to be changed. The federal government threatened to withhold 10% of highway funding from any state that resisted complying with the act. Yet again, the federal government took a step forward and pressured their choice on states decisions regarding monetary affairs, forcing the states to choose from losing millions in annual highway funds or keeping their minimum legal drinking age at eighteen (Pros and cons, 2014. July18). We see there are many legal, psychological, economic and moral prospective points that benefit the drinking age to be lowered to eighteen. Changing the national drinking age to 18 will secure safety among teens across the nation, assist the economy, and act on promoting alcohol moderation by  having it obtainable by those who choose to drink. References ProCon.org. (2014, July 18). _Minimum Legal Drinking Age_ http://drinkingage.procon.org/ Cary, Mary Kate. Lower the U.S. Drinking Age. _US News_. U.S.News World Report, 7 May 2014. Web. 27 Oct. 2014. Public Health Spotlight. _Vermont Department of Health_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014. Selective Service System: Welcome. _Selective Service System: Welcome_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014. U.S. Office of Personnel Management Www.OPM.gov. _U.S. Office of Personnel Management_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014. 2014 Stop Underage Drinking: Portal of Federal Resources. _2014 Stop Underage Drinking: Portal of Federal Resources_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014. Protecting Youth. _Protecting Youth_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014. 2014 Stop Underage Drinking: Portal of Federal Resources. _2014 Stop Underage Drinking: Portal of Federal Resources_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014. Accessibility Information. _Programs_. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.

Grandpas Mind :: Dialogue Essays

Grandpa's Mind As I pulled into my parents' driveway, I realized how loud the radio was. I turned it down, peeled my legs off the blue vinyl seat, and lugged my pile of laundry up to the front door. The doorknob wouldn't turn and I still hadn't gotten around to making myself a duplicate key. I rang the bell and waited. Nothing. Leaving my basket of dirty clothes on the steps, I tramped through the bushes in front of the living room window. Pep was across the room sitting in his usual chair and reading the paper. He was a familiar sight in his plaid flannel shirt, striped clip-on bow tie, and tweed cabby hat. I knocked on the window. He turned around, startled, and focused his eyes on me. I smiled and waved at him, but he just stared at me. I gestured toward the front door. His face had that hollow look, but something made him get up and let me in. "Hi, Pep." I kissed him on the cheek. He made way for me and my laundry. "Hello, how are you?" I headed for the washing machine. Pep trailed closely behind. "Kevin and Clare aren't home, but they should be here soon. Do you want to wait for them?" "Yah, I'll be here." I began separating whites from darks. "Do you want anything to eat? There's meat and bread in the ice box and some cookies in there." "No thanks." "I don't know where Kevin and Clare are. They took Katie out somewhere. Do you know Katie?" I paused. Here we go. This was going to be one of those conversations. I should just say, "Why, yes, I know Katie." But perhaps if I venture a bit further, something might jog his memory and we wouldn't have to go through the whole routine. Dad says that Pep has a tape recorder in his brain, and bits and pieces keep getting erased. I decided to give it a shot.

John Searle’s Argument on Strong Artificial Intelligence

John Searle in his paper â€Å"Minds, Brain and Programs† presented the strong critics of the strong intelligence. First of all in the paper Searle differentiates between different types of artificial intelligence: weak AI, which is just a helping tool in study of the mind, and strong AI, which is considered to be appropriately designed computer able to perform cognitive operations itself. Searle conducted Chinese room experiment, the primary goal of which is to prove that machines cannot posses the states of conscious awareness, like perceiving, understanding or knowing (Searle, 1980).According to Stevan Harnad, in his research Searle actually does not argue about artificial intelligence at all but in fact he attacked the main positions of computationalism, â€Å"a position (unlike ‘Strong AI') that is actually held by many thinkers, and hence one worth refuting† (Harnad, 2001). Shortly, Chinese Room thought experiment can be described the following way. Searle p laces himself on the place of the computer. He supposed that he had to process a batch of Chinese characters with the help of the definite program and produce the output.Searle is completely unfamiliar with Chinese; he can’t even differentiate Chinese characters from Japanese ones. He could only distinguish them by their shapes. Searle was able to process those symbols due to the fact that the rules were given in English. That enabled him to operate with the Chinese characters. In some time as the person learns the rules better, processing the Chinese words becomes easier and the answers are more correct.So, people who ask questions in Chinese and receive answers are sure that the person knows the language as the answers are just undistinguishable from the answers of native speakers of Chinese. The conclusion is that obeying definite rules Searle can process Chinese questions and give correct answers to them without even knowing a word in Chinese. â€Å"Nobody just looking a t my answers can tell that I don't speak a word of Chinese†, Searle writes (Searle, 1980). The same thing is with computers. They are in fact in the same position as Searle.Computers don’t have mind, they don’t think in Chinese, but they are manipulating with symbols just as Searle did. That’s why people might have the impression that computers can possess intelligence. However, this work of Searle was not a complete explanation on the problem of artificial intelligence. It was just a beginning and it raised the wave of critics and argument. On the one hand almost all researchers couldn’t but agree with the Searle’s statement that he was able to give correct answers to the questions without knowing the word in Chinese.But still there were a number of people who considered that Searle’s experiment couldn’t be judged as a valid critics of the artificial intelligence. All the replies can be roughly divided into the following main g roups (Cole, 2004). The first group argued the Searle’s experiment by identifying, who it is who speaks Chinese. The second group of critics researches the way how meaningless symbols can become meaningful. The third group of scholars believes that there is a need to redesign the Chinese room along the lines of a brain.Finally the last group of scholars considers that there are numerous points which testify to the fact that Searle’s argument is completely misleading. So, as it was already mentioned the first argument was concerned with the mind source. This group of researchers was interested in the question where the mind was since the person in the room wasn’t speaking Chinese. The main issues under research were main ontological controversies of mind and body and simulation and reality (Cole, 2004; Hauser, 2005; Hearn, 2007). The group of the researchers attempting to answer this question fell into several categories.The first category proposed systems reply (Searle, 1980; Cole, 2004, Hauser, 2005; Russel & Norvig, 2003; Dennett, 1991; Hearn, 2007, Crevier, 1993), which believes that since the person is not the one who possesses the knowledge of Chinese but the answers are still correct, it is the system, comprising the man, batch of words and rules for processing the words, which comprehends Chinese. The person in the room is just a part of this â€Å"understanding† system, which implies that the fact that the person does not understand and does not know the Chinese language is completely irrelevant.However, Searle was able to answer this critical response saying that the man can be the whole system in case he memorizes all the rules for processing the Chinese words and will keep them in his mind. However, this won’t change the fact that he does not understand Chinese (Searle, 1980). The other point on which Searle argued this response was that critics are in fact missing the point as they on the one hand were trying to f ind the mind, but on the other hand point that it belongs to some â€Å"system†, which is a room.But this doesn’t make sense as the room itself has nothing to do with the mind. It can be true only on the point when the critics explain this from the metaphysical point of view, which means that the mind is something that appears or â€Å"emerges† in the room and continues to exist there (Harnad, 2005; Searle, 1980; Crevier, 1993). The other response, which belongs to the group of â€Å"mind finders†, is virtual mind reply (Cole, 2004). This seems to be a more correct reply, which sticks to the idea that there is some Chinese-speaking mind in the room but it is virtual.It was argued that computing machinery possesses the ability to â€Å"implement† another computer, which implies that any computer can simulate other machines step-by-step, performing the functions of both. Cole even argues that a program can be created, which in fact is able to impleme nt two minds at once. So, despite the fact that there exists only one man in the room and one system, the number of â€Å"virtual minds† can be unlimited (Cole, 2004).However, Searle’s response was that such a mind is nothing but a simulation by itself: â€Å"No one supposes that computer simulations of a five-alarm fire will burn the neighborhood down or that a computer simulation of a rainstorm will leave us all drenched†(Searle, 1980). This statement was argued by the supporter of the virtual mind idea, Nicholas Fearn, in the following way: â€Å"When we call up the pocket calculator function on a desktop computer, the image of a pocket calculator appears on the screen. We don’t complain that â€Å"it isn’t really a calculator†, because the physical attributes of the device do not matter† (Fearn, 2007).Anyway, the following conclusion can be made: on the one hand these scholars were able to argue the Searle’s statement that â€Å"strong artificial intelligence† is false due to the fact that the man in the room doesn’t understand Chinese, which implies that nothing in the room understands Chinese (Cole, 2004). On the other hand the scholars still failed to prove the existence of the strong AI as they couldn’t prove that the system or virtual mind understands Chinese. Searle maintains that â€Å"the systems reply simply begs the question by insisting that system must understand Chinese† (Searle, 1980).The other groups of scholars, who argue Searle’s work, were concerned with finding the meaning. Their replies are generally referred to as robot and semantics replies. The main concern of these scholars is to argue the Searle’s work at the point of intentionality and syntax-semantics controversy. For the person in the room Chinese characters are just meaningless â€Å"squiggles†, however, if the Chinese room can really comprehend Chinese words, there should b e the source of the meaning. Thus, this group of scholars was trying to find the connection between the symbols and the items they symbolize.According to the proposed replies to these questions, several categories could be differentiated. First one is robot reply (Searle, 1980; Cole, 2004; Hauser, 2006; Hearn, 2007), which states that if the program is placed in the robot instead of the room nobody would doubt that he understands what he’s doing due to the establishment of the â€Å"causal connection† between the symbols and things, which are represented by them. According to Hans Moravec â€Å"If we could graft a robot to a reasoning program, we wouldn't need a person to provide the meaning anymore: it would come from the physical world† (in Crevier, 1993).However, Searle argued this idea by stating that there is no difference who operates the words, as the person in the room is just following the rules without understanding what the words actually mean. Searle further says that â€Å"he doesn’t see what comes into the robots eyes† (Searle, 1980). The second group proposed derived meaning theory (Hauser, 2006; Cole, 2004), which there is a connection between the room and the world through Chinese speakers and programmers, which implies that the symbols the person works with are already meaningful in general, which does not necessarily mean that they should be meaningful to him.However, Searle argues that symbols can only possess derived meaning, which depends on the conscious comprehension of Chinese speakers and programmers outside the room, which does not at all mean that the room by itself possesses the ability to understand by itself (Cole, 2004). The other semantic replies were concerned with the commonsense knowledge idea (Dennett, 2007), which states that the meaning of symbols could be derived from the background of the commonsense knowledge, which serves as a â€Å"context† providing meaning for the symbols.S earle argument was based on the idea that although the background does exist, still it can’t be built in programs. So, it is obvious that Searle supports the viewpoint that there is no difference in the amount of knowledge written into the program and the connection of the later with the world. Still the person is the only one, who operates in the room and his actions is purely syntactic, which do not provide him with the meaning of the words, thus, the main Searle’s statement is that â€Å"syntax is insufficient for semantics†(Searle, 1984; Searle, 1989).However, it should be admitted that there is some sense in the virtual mind theory, saying that even though the symbols mean nothing to Searle, they acquire their meaning from the virtual mind, which is connected with the outside worlds through Chinese speakers and programmers, which implies that it is irrelevant whether these symbols mean anything to Searle. The third group of scholars argued Searle’s w ork on the point that it the system needs to be redefined.Thus, according to brain simulator reply (Searle, 1980; Cole, 2004; Hauser, 2006; Churchland & Churchland, 1990.) the program is sure to understand Chinese in case it is a simulation of the interaction of the neurons in the brain of a speaker of the Chinese language. Searle argues this reply saying that this type of simulation is unable to reproduce such basic features of the brain as its causal and intentional states, saying that â€Å"human mental phenomena are dependent on actual physical-chemical properties of actual human brains† (Searle, 1980). He further states that only brains can cause mind (Hauser, 2006).According to the brain replacement scenario (Russell Norvig, 2003; Cole, 2004; Moravec, 1988; Kurzweil, 2005; Crevier, 1993,) the scholars maintain that in case one small computer is able to simulate the work of one individual neuron, this won’t cause that much difference to the system in general, howe ver, in case all the neurons are replaced, we would create digital computer stimulating the brain. This means that if we support Searle’s point of view this will lead to the disappearance of the whole conscious awareness (Searle, 1992; Russell & Norvig, 2003).Combination reply (Searle, 1980; Hauser, 2006) supported the idea that in case there is a robot created on the basis of brain simulation, which is linked to the world in the way that it has the causal power of the real brain, it is able to think. Connectionist reply (Cole, 2004 Hauser, 2006) has much in common with the brain simulator reply and believes that the real comprehension is possible in case there is a massively parallel connectionist architecture. So, basically these arguments can be divided into two main groups.The first one believes that Searle is true in this Chinese room experiment, however, in case some changes are made in the room or the program, it can acquire mind and consciousness (Cole, 2004). The sec ond group considers that redesigning should be made in order to see at which point Searle is wrong. Searle argues that machines still are unable to understand anything even if they are redesigned. The other argument is that in case there is a need of a robot body or a connectionist architecture are necessary, this would mean that we can’t speak any longer of strong AI (Searle, 1980; Harnad, 2001).According to Searle â€Å"I thought the whole idea of strong AI was that we don't need to know how the brain works to know how the mind works† (Searle, 1980) So, as far as we can see Searle’s argument of the strong artificial intelligence has its grounds. It is thoroughly based and well-considered. There was a lot of argument on his Chinese room experiment, however, hardly any critic was able to prove that Searle was completely wrong at some point.References:1. Churchland, Paul and Churchland, Patricia. (January 1990). Could a machine think?. Scientific American 262: 32 -39.2. Cole, David. (Fall 2004). The Chinese Room Argument, in Zalta, Edward N. , The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.3. Crevier, Daniel. (1993), AI: The Tumultuous Search for Artificial Intelligence. NY: BasicBooks.4. Dennett, Daniel. (1991). Consciousness Explained. The Penguin Press.5. Fearn, Nicholas. (2007). The Latest Answers to the Oldest Questions: A Philosophical Adventure with the World's Greatest Thinkers. New York: Grove Press.6. Harnad, Stevan. (2001). What’s Wrong and Right About Searle’s Chinese Room Argument. in M. & Preston, J., Essays on Searle’s Chinese Room Argument, Oxford University Press.7. Harnad, Stevan. (2005). Searle's Chinese Room Argument, Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Macmillan.8. Hauser, Larry. (1997). Searle's Chinese Box: Debunking the Chinese Room Argument. Minds and Machines, 7: 199-226.9. Hauser, Larry. (2006). Searle's Chinese Room, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.10. Kurzweil, Ray. (2005). The Singularity is Near. Viki ng Press.11. Moravec, Hans. (1988). Mind Children. Harvard University Press.12. Russell, Stuart J. and Norvig, Peter. (2003). Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River. NJ: Prentice Hall.13. Searle, John. (1980). Minds, Brains and Programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3 (3): 417-457.14. Searle, John. (1983). Can Computers Think? , in Chalmers, David, Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings, Oxford.15. Searle, John. (1984). Minds, Brains and Science: The 1984 Reith Lectures. Harvard University Press.16. Searle, John. (January 1990). Is the Brain's Mind a Computer Program? Scientific American 262: 26-31.17. Searle, John. (1992). The Rediscovery of the Mind. Massachusetts: M. I. T. Press.

Medical Assistant Procedure Manual

Medical Assistant Procedure Manual Project Pamela Estep ENGL205-1203A- Technical Writing and Speaking Phase 5IP Abstract This procedure manual was designed to help the medical assistant if they would have a question or happen to need reassuring about a procedure. It is also to be used as a training tool for new staff and current staff. This manual will list both administrative and clinical duties that are to be performed by the medical assistant. This manual will also be updated as new duties come about or old duties are taken out.This will be your bible for your job here, and you are to follow this manual to keep down any confusion that can come with your job. But if you would still need a clarification on something that is not list in this manual please feel free to contact myself, and I will answer your question and then this question is a common one we will install it to the manual. As all ways we want you to have a pleasant time here with us so feel free to make any suggestion o f ways to improve your job. Master Table of Contents Project Outline (phase 1)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3Procedure Manual Proposal (phase 1)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Procedure Manual Outline (phase 1)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Procedure Manual Brochure (phase 2)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7-8 Procedure Manual Checklist (phase 3)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 Procedure Manual (phase 3)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10-29 Procedure Manual Quick Reference Guide (phase 4)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Procedure Manual Training Session (PowerPoint) (phase 5)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Signature page †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Reference page †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦.. Memo Pamela Estep ENGL205-1203A-03 Phase 1 DB2 Professor: Anderson July 15, 2012 Doctor Markesberry, As part of my most resent assessment you ask me to see why there was so much confusion between the medical assistants. You said you had some patients asking why when a different medical assistant takes care of them they do not do the same things as their regular medical assistant. After watching each of the medical assistant for one week and asking each of them different question about how they perform their job, they each gave me a different answer.After hearing this and what I seen I feel we are in need of a procedure manual. This manual will not let them know what is expected of them but how it is to be performed in this office. With this manual in return all of the medical assistant should perform the same no matter which doctor they are working for. This should also cut down on the confusion with the patients and put then at ease when the medical assistant they are used to taking care of them cannot be there that day. Not only will it comfort the patient it will also cut down on chance of mistakes being made that ould hurt a patient or cost some a life. With this proposal I feel it would be a great benefit for the medical assistant we have now and any new ones in the future. It would give a clear cut of their job definition and job expectation. That would also reduce our liability for mistakes by someone not know what to do or how to do it. The procedure manual I am speaking about would be one that would cover both administrative and clinical duties. I would break each of these down into two sections with subsection in each sections.There would be an index foe quick access and each would also have a signature page which each medical assistant would have to sign and that would be put in their personal folders. Once again let me state based on what I have seen and been told by each of the medical assistants I feel this is the only way to give them cl ear cut instructions on what is expected of each of them and how it is to be done. Thank you, Pamela Estep Doctor Markesberry, As stated in my proposal, the following is a copy of the outline in which I plan to use. As this is tentative outline just let me know if you would like to add anything before anything is set in stone.I look forward to your input; I hope this is what you are wanting in way of the procedure manual you had in mine. With that said here is the basic outline of the manual. Medical Assistant Manual Outline I. Introduction What the manual is for and a brief overview of the manual. II. Administrative Duties 1. Scheduling and receiving patients. 2. Preparing and maintaining medical records. 3. Performing basic secretarial skills and medical transcription. 4. Handling telephone calls and writing correspondence. 5. Serving as a liaison between the physician and other individuals. 6. Managing practice finances.III. Clinical Duties 1. Asepsis and infection control. 2. Ta king patient histories and vitals. 3. Perform first aid and CPR. 4. Preparing patients for procedures. 5. Assisting the physician with examinations and treatments. 6. Collecting and processing specimens. 7. Performing selected diagnostic tests. 8. Preparing and administering medications as directed by the physician. As you can see I have included both administrative and clinical duties to be performed, there are many medical assistant out there that think you just take care of a patient but they will see it is much more than that.Once again feel free of any changes that you want made. A procedure Manual is a must for any job. It provides valuable information about your job and can answer the most common questions. It does not matter the size of your office a procedure manual is there when you need it to refresh your memory or answer your question. With this manual in place we all will be held accountable for our actions and we will perform as a better team that supports each other. The following is my check list for the Medical Assistant procedure manual. 1) To make sure there is a need for the procedure manual.I will include all the parts that are needed to perform the medical assistant job. I will include the safety risk, and include common legal issues and how to avoid them. 2) I will write a rough draft of this manual and let doctor Markesberry and let the front desk supervisor look it over for any change the need to be made before final draft. 3) I will then have a meeting with the medical assistants and front desk people to go over the manual. At which time I will answer any question about the manual or if there is anything that they would like to see in the manual. ) I will rewrite the manual after I receive the suggestion and answered the question. Once I have done this and send this for approval from upper management. 5) Once I have got the approval I will make a copy for everyone involved and some extra copies for new hires and for people who lose th eir there will be a master copy which will be kept in the supervisor office. I will then have meeting every two weeks for updates and to go over any problems that might arise. Medical Assistant Procedure Manual for Primary Care Office of Doctor Markesberry Table of ContentsIntroduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Administrative duties Scheduling and receiving patients†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 Preparing and maintaining medical records†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Perfor ming and Maintaining medical records†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Handling telephone calls and writing correspondence†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Serving as a liaison between the physician and other individuals†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 Managing Practice finances†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 Clinical DutiesAsepsis and infection control†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Taking patient histories and vitals sig ns†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 Performing first aid and CPR†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Preparing patients for procedures†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 13 Assisting the physician with examinations and treatments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 14 Collecting and processing specimens†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦15 Per forming selected diagnostic test†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16 Preparing and administering medications as directed by the physician†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17 CommonQ&A†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦18 Notes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 19 Signature page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 20 Administrative duties Scheduling and receiving patients Upon arrival to the office the patient will stop at the front desk, once there they will sing in and have a sit. After you call the patient up to the desk at that point you will ask the patient name, DOB, address and phone number. Once you have made sure this is the right patient, you will then ask to see their insurance card.When they give you the insurance card you need to verify that it is in effect, after that you collect their copay. Upon arrival this is the process: 1. Pt. sign 2. Call pt. to desk 3. Verify DOB, Address, Phone number 4. Confirm appointment. 5. Ask for insurance card, verify it. 6. Collect copay Scheduling appointment can be making an appointment for a doctor in our office to making an appointment for an outside doctor, test, or lab work. Whichever it is you need to make sure of the same information when rece iving a patient. With a couple of exception of the patient sign and collecting their copay.This is the way the process should go: 1. Check the availability date of the appointment. 2. Ask patient if this is a go date and time is right for the patient. 3. Appointment is out our office give them insurance information, DOB, name, and address of the patient. 4. For an outside appointment you will give them the name of the doctor ordering the appointment to be made. 5. Give the patient an appointment card or instruction on where to go the appointment. 6. Then fax all information to the appointment before the patient go’s so they can have a copy.When making the outside appointment always fax the order and patient information to the office the patient is going that way they have a backup copy beside you call and sitting up the appointment. Then put the information in the chart or on the computer so if there is confusion when the patient get there you have the information at hand. Pr eparing and maintaining medical records When you receive reports, physician notes from outside offices you need to put these in the patient charts. But before you can put them in the charts you need to let the physician know the reports or progress notes have come in.That way if some is abnormal the doctor can call the patient, once the doctor has sign the reports or notes you then need to place them in the charts. If they are still using paper charts you will need to pull the chart and go to the correct section and file the reports. But if you have electronic charts you will need to scan the chart then move the report to the right chart in the right place. Please use the following steps: 1. Sort all the reports and physician notes. 2. Place a received date stamp on them. 3. Then give to the doctor for review. 4. After receiving they back sort them by name and date. 5.Scan them in the charts. 6. After all reports and notes have be scanned in charts and filed shred the documents. 7. Check that all orders have been signed and all doctors’ notes have been signed. At the end of the day or at lunch you need to fill all charts that are done and pull the next patient charts do to come in. This needs to be done every day to keep within the HIPPA and Medicare standards. If the doctor tells you to call a patient and give them their results that is the only time you can do so. You cannot otherwise and never tell the front desk people to do this they are not trained to do this and it is unethical.Performing basic secretarial skills and medical transcription From time to time you may need to transcribe doctor’s dictations. If the patient would need and copy of the visit or if a former employee would need a reference. Then you would type this up and give it the patient. Sometimes the doctor will just tell you to right up something and he will sign it after you typed it. However it is done you must get the physician to sign it before it leaves the office. After it is signed place a copy in the chart or make a copy to have on file in case the patient would need another copy later.Handling telephone calls and writing correspondence When receiving a phone call from a patient you need to get the patient information so you can make sure that you have the right patient pulled up on your computer. Once you have done this then ask the patient how you may help them. After the patient tells you want they need right it down, never just try to keep it in your head. Before you can do whatever the patient called for you might get interrupted and forget what it was or who the patient was. This is very important if the patient that called is not one of your regular patients.If you are calling a patient to tell them of an appoint change or to give them lab or test results never leave the information on the answering machine or with any other person. When you call and you get an answering machine just leave your name and who you are trying to contact and a sk them to call you back and leave your number. This also applies to leaving message with someone other than the patient. When writing correspondence to the patient is direct and use word that they can understand. Do not add anything extra; include your name the physician name, phone number and your address.If sending a correspondence to another physician always be professional use approve word and medical terms. At the end of the correspondence type the physician name and have him sign it. As with anything that goes out of the office or comes in the office you need to chart it or it is not done. Before mailing out any correspondence proof read it. Serving as a liaison between the physician and other individuals From time to time you will act as a liaison between your patient and your doctor. Sometime after the patient has seen the doctor they will come out when they are leaving and ask you what did the doctor mean or what did he say.The patient does not always understand the doctor so you knowledge of medical terminology is a must. Because you have to translate the medical meaning to terms that the patient can understand. This is critical because if the patient does not understand what is being told to them they will not know how to take the medication or how to be compliant. But liaison between the patient and the doctor is not the only time you might have to do this. You might have to as a liaison when Drug representative, medical equipment representative or other doctors until the physician is available.This is a very important part of your job because you are the first person they see, you are setting the impression for the office, so always be professional. Managing practice finances This is a vital part of any office, if no money is coming in the office will have to close. With that said you will be responsible for balancing to payment with the number of patient and get the money ready for deposit. You will also have to collect any money due on medicati on that is picked up at the office if there is a charge.This also goes for any medical devise or equipment that is given to the patient that is a charge for. So for all money that is being deposit to the office account you need a deposit slip. You will fill out the date, amount of cash in bill and coins. Then you list all checks one at a time on a separate line; put the last name from the check and the amount of the check. Once this is done you add all the cash and the checks and write the total at the end, you put a copy in with the money that goes to the bank and you keep the other for your books.Clinical Duties Asepsis and infection control After each patient you are to clean and sterilize all instruments, you are to wipe down all the patient come into contact with in the room after each patient. You are to wear gloves when handling any body fluids or cleaning any open wound. You are to change the trash after any patient that has a procedure done or after any dressing changes. If giving a female examine you need to change the trash if speculums are put in the trash. All of this kind of trash is to be put in the biohazard trash bag not a regular one.When cleaning the room after patient you need to make sure to clean the bed, counter tops, chairs, and any other instrument. This way you do not spread infection. At the end of the day you need to check all your room to make sure they are clean and sterilized, and stock for the next day. If you have a patient coming in for an appointment who might have the flu you need to give that patient a mask when they arrive so while they are sitting in the waiting room they do not spread anything to the other patients. If the patient has the chicken pox bring them back as soon as they get to the office do not let them wait in the waiting room.After you see them clean and sterilize the room so you are not exposing another patient to the virus. If helping with a procedure wear a gown and gloves if necessary wear a facemask or shield. You were taught universal precaution make sure you use then not only for the patients but for you and your family. Taking patient histories and vital signs Taking patient history you need to be very through this can give you clues to what might be going on with your patient. It all so let you know will they are at risk of getting in the future. You need to ask about their parents, brothers and sisters, grandparents.You need to ask about child hood illness, past surgical history, any know drug allergy, any food allergy, any medication they are taking and they need to bring their bottles. This all plays a very important part in patient care. When taken vital signs you need to do the following: 1. B/P 2. Pulse 3. Respirations 4. Height 5. Weight 6. Temperature 7. Pulse ox. When you check you patients vital you must touch the patient so to can tell how their skin feels, if their pulse is regular if you never touch your patient you will miss thing that can hinder the patient tre atment. Performing first aid and CPRWhen performing first aid always wear gloves, clean stabilize and dress the wound. Never move the patient until the physician tells you to. Check for shock. Keep the patient warm and conformable. Give oxygen when needed; never remove any object with the doctor telling you too. When you are giving CPR you need to check if the patient is conscious, check respiration, and then check for a pulse if there is none provide CPR. Once you start CPR you cannot stop it until you are told to or the patient is breathing and has a pulse of their own. These things are a must to know you must keep all CPR certification valid.After you perform any these thing clean and sterilize everything that is reusable and through away everything else. Clean the room and put everything back in order. When calling in a patient after having to perform something like this reassure the next patient and go about you task at hand. Do not give the next patient any information about w hat has happened who the patient was or how there are doing. Preparing patient for procedures When you have a patient coming in for a procedure, try to keep the patient clam. Reassure the patient tell them what is going to happen and when it is going to happen.Answer any question they have, if you don’t know the answer tell them the doctor will be more than happy to answer their question. You will need to do vital signs on the patient at the beginning of the procedure and after. You might have to during if the procedure is going to be long or the patient is going to be put out. Once this has been done ask about known drug allergy you need to chart all of this. Then you get the entire instrument ready you get any dressing that might be needed, any local anesthesia ready. You help the patient get ready, by undressing or any preparation that need to be done before the procedure.Try to keep thing light between you and the patient this helps them relax. Once the procedure is done help them get dressed or help them get cleaned up. Give them all the instructions and anything that they might need until they come back to see you. Ask them if they need help getting home or going to their car. Assisting the physician with examination and treatments When helping the physician with the examination tells the patient so they do not get nervous. Tell them what you are doing. Assist the doctor any way possible with his examination be professional. If you are to hold down n a part of the body tell the patient what you are doing any why. Any thing you can do to easy the process helps the patient and the physician. Keep any exposed areas covered until the doctor is ready to examine that area. After the examination ask the patient if they need help getting dressed and if not step out the room until they are done. Once they are done go back and check on them and make sure they are alright. Ask them if they have any question for the doctor or for you. When the doctor is done and give you the discharge information go over it with the patient. Collecting and processing specimensWhen collecting specimens always wear gloves, tell the patient what kind of specimen you need. Tell the patient how you are going to collect the specimen. Clean the area before collecting the specimen. If it is a UA tell the patient how to do the specimen and how much you need and were to leave the specimen when they are done. If collecting blood makes sure you draw it in the right tube. Get everything you need before you go into the room were the patient is. Let the patient know what you are going to do and how you are going to do it. Get everything you need laid out and ready within hand distant.Clean the area and draw your specimen after you get what you need make sure the patient is fine and put a bandage on the site. Take the specimen in the lab area and spin any tubes that need to be spun and label them after you draw them. When you are done with all this you put them in a la b bag to go an outside department. Keep any specimen cold or frozen until it is time to send them out then put them in cold pack for the lab to pick up. Performing selected diagnostic tests When performing test such as EKG’s you need to let the patient know what you are going to do how you are going to do it and why you are doing this test.Help the patient get ready and have them lie back on the table, let all male patient that you might have to shave their chest if there is a lot of hair because the patches will not stick. After you help the patient onto the table and get ready place the patches on their chest, leg and arm. Connect the leads to the patient and connect the machine. Once you have this done tell the patient to hold still and preform the test. After you are done unhook the leads and remove the patches, help the patient off the table and help them get dresses.Then give the EKG report to the doctor so he can tell the patient what it said and how to treat them. As with any thing you use from patient to patient use need to clean all the leads. If the ask you to perform a pulse ox test you let the patient know what you need them to do and then you record the information and let the doctor know what the reading was. The physician will then tell the patient any and all results. Preparing and administering medications as directed by the physician When the physician tells you to give the patient medication write down the amount, dose, how to be given.If the medication is an injection, make sure you have the right size needle, right amount of medication and were it is the go such as arm or hip. After you get your medication ready go to the room and ask the patient if the doctor told them they were going to get an injection or medication. If they say yes ask them if they are allergic to any medication. Tell the patient were you are going to give the injection and let them know when you are done. Tell the patient to wait for about five minutes to make sure there is no reaction to the shot.If the medication is a pill or liquid ask the patient if the doctor told them they were going to get medication before they leave if they say yes then ask the patient if they have and allergy to the medication. After you give then the medication tell them to wait until they are told they can leave. Make sure you chart what the medication was, where you gave it, how you gave it, and why you gave it. Also chart if there was any reaction to the medication. Quick Reference Guide 1) Scheduling and receiving patient Check the patient in, update all patient information, verify insurance and collect copay. ) Preparing and maintaining medical records Sort all records by name and date, check that are sign and scan into chart. 3) Perform basic secretarial skill and medical transcription. Transcribe all notes, and put them in the chart after they were signing the doctor. 4) Handling telephone calls and writing correspondence. Write all telephone messages d own, list patient name, DOB, address and phone number on the message. When writing correspondences list the patient or doctor name to which it is going to and have the doctor sign the correspondence and place a copy in the chart. ) Serving as a liaison between the physician and other individuals. Talk to the patient or other individuals in a professional matter. Speak in a tone they can understand. Let the doctor know what you have said and to whom. 6) Managing practice finances. Total the money you receive, fill out deposit slip and deposit money. Clinical Duties 1) Asepsis and infection control. Always maintain asepsis field, clean all areas, and wear the proper PPI. 2) Taking patient histories and vitals. Ask the patient about their past history and family history. Check all vital signs and chart them. ) Performing first aid and CPR. Use serial dressings for all first aid dressing. Don’t remove any objects without doctor knowing. Use PPI. Check your ABC make sure they are absent before doing CPR. Don’t stop until the doctor tells you too. 4) Preparing patients for procedures. Check vitals, get all instruments needed, dressing, help patient undress if needed, and drape area exposed. 5) Assisting the physician with examinations and treatments. Keep the patient calm, help hold patient when needed assistant any way needed. 6) Collecting and processing specimens.Be papered; get all supply that is needed. Tell patient what you are doing and why, be calm and the patient will be calm. Process all specimens as needed to preserve them for transportation. 7) Performing selected diagnostic tests. Tell patient what you are going to do. Be quick performing test, give to physician and help patient get dressed if needed. 8) Preparing and administering medications as directed by the physician. Ask the patient if they knew about the medication, check the dose, the amount, route, and were. Ask if they have any allergy to the medication.Be quick and easy as possi ble. Tell patient to wait until they are told they can leave after medication is giving. Common Q&A 1) What if the patient states they have insurance but their spouse has the card what do you do? You would let the patient you need a copy of their insurance card and they can have someone bring it in for this appointment or they can pay the base rate of $25 and when they bring in there card we will credit the money back to them if it’s less than the base copay. 2) What if a teenage child comes in for an appointment and they did not bring their parents?You can’t not treat the patient, without written permission or the parent being there. 3) What if the patient would call in to request a refill on their pain medication? They cannot get a refill on pain medication without being seen by the doctor. 4) What if you think your patient is being abused? Talk to the doctor before he goes into the room and tell him what you think, if he agrees or if he does not agrees but you have seen this patient in the office before with the same kind of injuries you need to report this to you manager, and they will report it to the authorities. ) Can I go home and finish my charting tomorrow? No if you have not charted it is not done, plus you might forget what you done and what the patient name was. Notes Signature page I have been given a copy of the Medical Assistant procedure manual. I have received procedure manual training. References http://www. caahep. org http://smallbusiness. chron. com/write-standard-operations-procedures-manual Http://www. ehow. com/how-8124308-manage-medical-assistants Procedure Manual Training Session (power point)

Political impacts of Julius Caesar

Political impacts of Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Roman general, statesman and consul who defers all odds to get a king’s crown. Despite losing his father at the age of sixteen, nothing sets him back. He forcefully leaves his social life and homeland. He shows determination to get what he considers best for his people, despite being away from home.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political impacts of Julius Caesar specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consequently, he gets an opportunity to deal with pirates in Cilicia (Canfora, page 4). While in Asia, he performs his duties well and wins trusts of Roman commanders. This gives him a considerable ground, for the task that awaits him back home. As much as Caesar spends his life in Asia, his wish to return home holds strong. A fact which shows in consequent political activities during his reign (Canfora, page 5). After his father’s demise, he faces a lot of death threats by Sulla who sees him as a potential enemy. He is a threat to power thus, Sulla forcefully sends him away. This is because of his undying wish to defend the opposition party. A tragedy that makes him realize the importance of fighting for his peoples’ benefit. His determination makes him run for his life while changing hiding places every night. Sulla’s supporters know about Caesars hideouts, but fail to take action. This makes Sulla a failure, as he faces resistance in his urge to kill Julius Caesar (Canfora, page 3). The return of Julius Caesar to Rome upon Sulla’s death brings a sigh of relief to his people. This is because; honored magistrates trust him and make it possible for Caesar to survive and prosper (Canfora, page 4). His behavior and confidence shows the leadership in him, thus Caesar get honor from Lepidus. Caesar has the ability to make decisions and determine who among his seniors stands a chance of initiating success. In Lepidus, he sees an adventurer who fails to provi de reasonable offers that march his belief. He rejects Lepidus proposals upon his arrival in Rome. This enables Lepidus to see the leadership potential in Caesar and makes his wish to work with him in the government (Canfora, page 5). Caesar knows the needs of his people, thus he does not allow leaders of bad characters to dominate Roman rule. He fails to fall prey of Lepidus bad initiatives and refuses his proposals. His move ends Lepidus political career, which involves benefiting from strong leaders.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result, Caesar’s opposite behavior shows his ability to change the politics of the Roman rule. He makes tough decisions that not only favor him, but also benefits other people. His decision to stay married to the Cinna’s daughter at a younger age and to oppose Lepidus form a strong base in his political move (Canfora, page 5). His wish to move to the Roman political throne has Caesar align himself with leaders such as Pompey and Crassus (Nardo, page 28). This is because; Pompey does not support the Sullan constitution, a factor that is common between the two. Pompey then introduces Crassus to Caesar with whom together they share Roman leadership. As a result, they form the first triumvirate in Rome. During their rule, Caesar prosecutes extortionists from the Sullan rule. He intends to clear crimes the Romans face during Sullas reign. This gives him more trust from his people as he deals with previous injustices (Canfora, page 6). Caesar rises to the position of a military tribune, because of his knowledge in winning electoral campaigns. While in the position of a military tribune, he strives to defend the politics of populares and restore authority in the tribunes. In addition, he directs his efforts to secure return of Lepidus followers from Italy. This reunites his people and increase his popularity amo ng the Romans. Moreover, Caesar supports the election of Crassus into the position of a consular (Canfora, page 14). Caesar overlooks the misunderstanding between them and ensures that Crassus wins the elections. Thus, Caesar takes advantage in Crassus’s political position to achieve his dream for the Romans. In addition to his mission of destroying the Sullan constitution together with Pompey and Crassus, Caesar makes good use of his position. In his new position as a quaestor, Caesar restores political honor to Marian faction. A gesture that makes him acceptable to the Romans, this shows during her aunt’s funeral (Canfora, page 15). Consequently, Caesar reaches out to the people by showing a gesture full of feelings and gentleness. This is unusual of political leaders in Rome. He gives equal opportunities to women and supports their contribution. Thus, he is one politician with a difference to the people (Canfora, page 16).Advertising We will write a custom e ssay sample on Political impacts of Julius Caesar specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Caesar has the ability to dominate and conquer, he is able to win the trust of the Romans and build his political position. During his political career, he achieves a lifelong dream of controlling a province in Further Spain. A move he starts by building connections with the province and developing a network of clients (Canfora, page 16). This he considers important for stabilizing his political position just as Pompey, in whom he invests for political superiority does. His belief in justice enhances his acceptance by people from the province. He offers his services to them during his visit, a gesture that continues his work for the benefit of the province (Canfora, page 17). However, times change and Caesar realizes his failure to achieve the best in life. He compares himself to Alexander who at his age is a king, ruling a big number of people (Edwards, page 7). He decides to make use of his political position and give himself the desired victory. As a result, Caesar leaves the province before his term ends and returns to Rome (Nardo, page 30). His arrival marks the beginning of a change in his political career. He makes rules that favor his political wish and demands attention in complex politics. Similarly, Caesar maintains his political allies even though he wants to attain individual agendas (Canfora, page 19). Caesar prepares for war while at the center of his political career. This he does due to the trust and support of Pompey and Crassus. He gets the right to maneuver and achieve personal advancements, an advantage he uses to assemble the best gladiators. In choosing his gladiators, he uses his intelligence team to choose those who fight without favor and failure. In addition, Caesar trains his gladiators using Roman knights and senators who have skills in arms. This enables him to get into warfare as well as win, he manages to restore monuments to Marius military (Edwards, page 10). Having his soldiers get the best training gives Caesar an opportunity to rival and conquer numerous states. His conquering of Gaul makes him a remarkable leader in Roman history. He builds a wall to prevent passage of the Helvetii through his province. He is reluctant to help the Helvetii and feels unsafe in having them get access to Santones. This is because the Helvetii have an equally strong army as the Romans (Caesar, page 5).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Caesar uses his army to fight the Helvetii in their attempt to conquer the Aedui territory. In addition, territories adjacent to the Aedui, seek help from Caesar to help protect themselves from the Helvetii. Caesar despite having a close relation to Dumnorix through his brother, he ensures control of the Helvetii (Caesar, page 11). He eventually manages to conquer adjacent territories and expand his Roman territories despite all challenges. Obviously, Caesar gets activities made his way, he uses his position to initiate and win wars. In addition he spends a lot of government money in his political initiatives thus indebting his country. Consequently, his attempts to get money from other provinces fail making him desperate. His last solution to resolving financial constraints is civil war. This he does to help deal with situation of Romans attacking him when in need of money. He allies Lucceius during political elections to enable them us his money in bribing people. This helps him w in elections as he has no finances to maintain his political career (Canfora, page 27). Caesar takes Rome through bloody wars that enable him to gain more wealth to offset his debts. He conquers Britain and gets their gold and palm for his use in barter trade (Canfora, page 29). He fights and conquers other territories belonging to powerful leaders. This makes a stronger political leader than his ally Pompey. As a result, their relationship is weakened and Pompey leaves for war Italy. In addition, he fights against Pompey who later dies in war after defeat by Caesar (Edwards page 34). Because of his fear of attack after Pompey’s death, Caesar fights against King Ptolemy. His win enables him to conquer Egypt but he fails to make it a province. This is because; Egypt has chances of conquering Rome in the future. In addition, Caesar crosses into Syria and engages in war, he eventually defeats Pompey’s sons in Spain (Edwards, page 35). However, as much as he wins many wars Caesar face challenges in two occasions, when Pompey attempts to overturn him in war. He also faces challenges while fighting his final battle in Spain. Moreover, he loses his close allies while battling in different parts of the world (Edwards, pg 36). In conclusion, Caesar is a man of great abilities; he uses his authority to get every territory for his people. His eloquence in speech makes it possible for him to win the trust of different people. To date, not only does his work catch people’s attention but his pieces of writing remain memorable. He earns glory and admiration from people over an art that enables him prospers in his political career (Edwards, page 56). In addition, Caesar demonstrates his skills in conquering territories and destroying his enemies using horses and arms. This he does at a speed that gives his enemies minimal chances of studying his moves (Edwards, page 57). Caesar, Julius. Caesara Commentaries:On the Gallic and on the Civil War. Texas: El P arso Norte Press, 2005. Print. Canfora, Luciano. Julius Caesar: The Life’s and Times of the People’s Dictator. Calfornia: University of California Press, 2007. Print. Edwards, Catherine. Lives of the Caesars. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Print. Nardo, Don. Julius Caesar: Roman General and Statesman. Minnesota: Capstone, 2008. Print.

Shark Killing essays

Shark Killing essays Among some of the most wasteful reasons to hunt in the world Id have to say that besides the killing of elephants for their tusks, this is on top of the list for one of the worst reasons a blue shark is killed. And sadly enough the United States is one of the top countries to blame. In Hawaii and Mexico shark finning is very common. The fishermen fish the sharks take the fins, and throw it back into the water. The fins are mainly used for fin soup as a status symbol for the Japanese. They eat it for fin soup. Since the fins contain a high dose of ammonia smell and taste they must be processed quickly and tossed back into the ocean, and a lot of times the fish is thrown back into the water alive. Conservations main cause for concern is the fact that the sharks have a very low reproduction rate. They dont typically reproduce until the age of twenty-five, and even then they only produce a few babies. At The rate these fishermen hunt them the sharks will possibly become endangered in the next few years. This is one of the most cruelest things Ive ever heard, and not just the killing of them for the fins, but that fact that they are thrown back into the water without fins. How is the shark supposed to survive and even swim? That is so cruel. Maybe someone should cut off fishermens legs and arms, and watch them try to survive. It probably would probably hard for the fisherman to survive, hed be a physical vegetable. I hope the United States does something urgently to control this growing problem before it gets out of hand. The people can do something about it by obviously not buying shark products but also by writing letters and sending petitions to congress, we could also spread the word in other ways in Japan and Hong Kong. But I think if the US stopped the finning, other countries would probably follow and sales would go down, giving the sharks ...

Romantic Shakespeare Quotes

Romantic Shakespeare Quotes William Shakespeare was considered a true romantic. He portrayed love as a heady mix of passion, aggression, despair, and determination. There are amorous love scenes in many of his plays. If you are a romantic, too, you will appreciate the intensity of these Shakespeare quotes. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene II I am too bold, tis not to me she speaks:Two of the fairest stars in all the heaven,Having some business, do entreat her eyesTo twinkle in their spheres till they return.What if her eyes were there, they in her head?The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars,As daylight doth a lamp; her eyes in heavenWould through the airy region stream so brightThat birds would sing and think it were not night.See, how she leans her cheek upon her hand!O, that I were a glove upon that hand,That I might touch that cheek! Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene II Then plainly know my hearts dear love is setOn the fair daughter of rich Capulet:As mine on hers, so hers is set on mine;And all combined, save what thou must combineBy holy marriage: when and where and howWe met, we wood and made exchange of vow,Ill tell thee as we pass; but this I pray,That thou consent to marry us to-day. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene 3 I pray thee, chide not; she whom I love nowDoth grace for grace and love for love allow;The other did not so. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene 3 O, she knew wellThy love did read by rote, that could not spell.But come, young waverer, come go with me,In one respect Ill thy assistant be;For this alliance may so happy prove,To turn your households rancour to pure love. The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act I, Sc. III O, how this spring of love resemblethThe uncertain glory of an April day! Twelfth Night, Act III, Sc. I Love sought is good, but given unsought is better. Twelfth Night, Act II, Sc. III Journeys end in lovers meeting,Every wise mans son doth know. Twelfth Night, Act I, Scene 1 O spirit of love, how quick and fresh art thou!That, notwithstanding thy capacityReceiveth as the sea, nought enters there,Of what validity and pitch soever,But falls into abatement and low priceEven in a minute! so full of shapes is fancy,That it alone is high-fantastical. As You  Like It No sooner met but they looked; No sooner looked but they loved;No sooner loved but they sighed;No sooner signed but they asked one another the reason;No sooner knew the reason but they sought the remedy;And in these degrees have they made a pair of stairs to marriage... Much Ado about Nothing, Act IV, Sc. I I never tempted her with word too large,But, as a brother to his sister, showdBashful sincerity and comely love. Othello, Act II, Sc. III Cassio, I love thee;But never more be officer of mine. Othello, Act III, Sc. III But, O, what damned minutes tells he oerWho dotes, yet doubts, suspects, yet strongly loves! Othello, Act III, Sc. III Excellent wretch! Perdition catch my soul,But I do love thee! and when I love thee not,Chaos is come again. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Sc. II Good night, good night! parting is such sweet sorrow,That I shall say good night till it be morrow. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene II My bounty is as boundless as the sea, my love as deep; the more I give to thee, the more I have, for both are infinite. Romeo and Juliet, Act I, Sc. V My only love sprung from my only hate!Too early seen unknown, and known too late! A Midsummer Nights Dream, Act I, Sc. I Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind; And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind. Antony and Cleopatra, Act I, Sc. I Theres beggary in the love that can be reckond. As You Like It, Act II, Sc. V Under the greenwood treeWho loves to lie with me. As You Like It, Act IV, Sc. I Men have died from time to time, and worms have eaten them, but not for love. As You Like It, Act V, Sc. II No sooner met but they looked; no sooner looked but they loved; no sooner loved but they sighed; no sooner sighed but they asked one another the reason; no sooner knew the reason but they sought the remedy. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. I This is the very ecstasy of love. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. II Doubt thou the stars are fire;Doubt that the sun doth move;Doubt truth to be a liar;But never doubt I love. Julius Caesar, Act III, Sc. I Though last, not least in love. A Midsummer Nights Dream, Act I, Sc. I Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind; And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind. Antony and Cleopatra, Act I, Sc. I Theres beggary in the love that can be reckond. As You Like It, Act II, Sc. V Under the greenwood treeWho loves to lie with me. As You Like It, Act IV, Sc. I Men have died from time to time, and worms have eaten them, but not for love. As You Like It, Act V, Sc. II No sooner met but they looked; no sooner looked but they loved; no sooner loved but they sighed; no sooner sighed but they asked one another the reason; no sooner knew the reason but they sought the remedy. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. I This is the very ecstasy of love. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. II Doubt thou the stars are fire; Doubt that the sun doth move;Doubt truth to be a liar;But never doubt I love. Julius Caesar, Act III, Sc. I Though last, not least in love.

Discuss accounting principles and applications for business and Essay

Discuss accounting principles and applications for business and personal use - Essay Example Accounting identifies the increases and decreases in spending and shows the major components of your spending. Thus if there are any excessive spending or and wasteful items being purchased, by identifying those, any corrective actions can be taken to get rid of that unwanted excessiveness. All of this will eventually help you to be compatible with your financial targets or budget. Accounting helps in an individual’s life as well, even it’s a professional life. Most of us are in habit of taking loans to fulfill our needs. And there are times too, when most of us are not having much attractive earnings or savings. In those times properly managing of financial resources is of high importance. If you are in debt, you need to first get rid of that because that may even affect your personal reputation and image. Accounting not only makes you more responsible towards personal management but positively affects your lifestyle as well by organizing your professional life with discipline. Accounting increases a person’s financial awareness. Now days, accounting is not that difficult as it used to be perceived before, with lots of calculations and paper works but after the development of many accounting software, accounting has become too easy and it is no more a thing restricted to finance professionals but even an ordinary man can operate it as efficiently as any finance guy can. The difference between a successful and not-so-successful individual today is of better financial management. Today, people are more categorized on the basis of their lifestyles and social classes and these two things are better attained with the possession of money, for which financial management is highly important. Even if one wants to succeed in life, personal management is one thing that makes enormous difference in the approaches that people follow to be successful and financial management is one the major component of personal management. And the essence

Law of Tort College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law of Tort College - Essay Example The production process is interrupted and all the materials in process are damaged beyond repair. In addition, because there is no water supply for 24 hours Brian loses the opportunity to carry out several more processes and loses the profits that these would have generated. An analysis of the facts of the case presents certain ambiguous legal issues within the premise of both common law as well as the law of torts. In the first situation, the issue is whether Derek's statement to Alan about the efficacy of the van, and the consequent economic loss to Brian, imposes a liability in tort on Derek and/or Alan. In the second situation, the issue is whether Brian can claim economic damages for the losses he has suffered in terms of equipment and material damage and by way of profit loss due to operations shut down resulting from Donald's negligent action. The first situation --Brian v. Derek/Alan - relating to Brian's purchase of van prima facie pertains to area of 'pure' economic loss due to negligent misstatement, resulting in tortious liability under common law.1 The second situation --Brian v. ... A. Brian v. Derek/Alan - Negligent Misstatement Resulting in Economic Loss The common law imposes liability in tort upon persons who make misstatements to others; however, only if the misstatement is made fraudulently or negligently, when there is a duty to take care. Also, the claimant/the person to whom the misstatement has been made must have sustained a loss (which may be physical or financial or both) as a result of reliance upon the misstatement. Thus, liability in the tort of negligent misstatement is generally defined in terms of the common law premises of duty, breach and damage,3 however, a "special treatment" is usually given considering the complexity and since tortious liability in this area is a relatively recent development.4 The case in question presents considerable issues in facts and in law, an analysis of which in relation may be vital in advising Brian. The primary issues for consideration include: Whether mistakes were fraudulent or arising out of negligence Whether Derek owes a duty of care to Brian for a report he made to Alan Whether the plaintiff sustained loss, economic or physical Whether Alan has a vicarious or personal liability in relation to Derek's misstatement and/or in passing the report to Brian Any defence, legal or factual, which may be claimed by Derek/Alan against Brian As the facts of the case reveal, there is no apparent evidence of fraud -- Derek cannot be said to have any interest in Alan or Brian purchasing a van that has been advertised in the local newspaper. The mistakes in the report are mainly due to negligence; however, relying on that Brian, a third party had sustained financial loss,

The status of the jews and christians in muslim lands 1772CE Essay

The status of the jews and christians in muslim lands 1772CE - Essay Example The status of Jews and Muslims Lands in 1772 CE was more or less similar; they were at the receiving end, notwithstanding the protection available to them under the umbrella of the laws of the land or favorable dispositions of conservative Muslims. On a fair interpretation of the literature available on the subject, it is reasonable to assume that Jews and Christians in Muslim Lands lived in constant fear and their status was less than second-grade citizens. â€Å"In 1772 a Muslim scholar in Cairo was asked how Jews and Christians should be treated. The answer is found in this selection, issued four years before the American Declaration of Independence. This answer is not law, but only the opinion of a conservative Muslim. The opinion is in Arabic.†(Jacob†¦)The very basis of terms of references smacks of inferior treatment, as otherwise why such a situation should emerge at all for making a reference about non-Muslims? Thus it is taken for granted by the Muslim rulers tha t their religious tenets are superior and others have to fall in line. The medieval mind-set is showing in the questions listed in the reference and the answers provided. The attitude of the conservative Muslim is no better than the thinking process of a fundamentalist Muslim and the difference is only in degrees and nowhere full protection is guaranteed to the Jews and Christians. The word â€Å"unbelievers† as addressed to Jews and Christians in the questionnaire smacks of fundamentalism and it is certain that the issue will not be judged in an impartial manner. The first rank Muslim cities have been hailed as â€Å"splendor in legal and philosophic studies.† The normal lifestyles of these religions have been described as â€Å"innovations introduced by the cursed unbelievers.† Another charge is â€Å"they have put themselves on a footing of equality with the chiefs, scholars, and nobles, wearing, like them; costly garments of cloth of India, expensive silk a nd cashmere fabrics, and they imitate them even in the cut of these very garments.†(Jacob†¦) This insinuation which denies the Jews and Christians to practice their social customs and follow traditions is nothing but the imposition of their will by the Muslim governing authorities, the highest authority being the King. Throughout the history of any Nation, class conflict in one way or the other existed. The reference â€Å"they ride on saddles which are of the same type as those of chiefs, scholars, and officers, with servants at their right, at their left, and behind them, scattering and pushing back Muslims for whom they thus block the streets† (Jacob†¦)clearly indicates the gap between the rich and the poor existing at that time. With the details of the perquisites enjoyed by the rich, obviously belonging to Jew and Christian Communities, the gap as per the economic scale was wide and this must have created heartburning amongst the Muslims. The reference, à ¢â‚¬Å"they carry small batons in their hands just like the chiefs. They buy Muslim slaves, the offspring of Negro, Abyssinian, and even white slaves; this has become so common and so frequent among them that they no longer consider this offensive. They even buy slaves publicly, just like the Muslims,† (Jacob†¦) clearly indicates that slavery, the evil social system was in practice and the rich Jews and Christia

Discuss the role of multinationals in the globalization of innovation Essay

Discuss the role of multinationals in the globalization of innovation - Essay Example They eventually stand as essential driving forces that trigger the need to change and pursue innovation. Globalization of innovation is a very important aspect in today’s global economy. Today, it has become the forefront of the success of every economy as it centers on exploitation of technology and technological collaboration (Archibugi and Iammarino 317; Nam and Barnett 1471). This is evident on how developing countries have positively adopted technological innovation from developed countries (Nam and Barnett 1471). Considering the point that developing countries are not hesitant to adopt technological innovations, they have become involved as the centre point of globalization of innovation. Multinationals therefore have great ideas on the versatility of developing countries to consider their technologies, which in the end has been moving forward to innovation as many key players compete for a global goal. For this reason, as multinationals try to expand, exporting, foreign ownership, outsourcing and community resilience have become crucial considerations of productivity (Zhang and Smith 310; Wilson 1218). In this case, wages for instance have strong link up with productivity, exporting and foreign ownership - the very important issues associated with foreign direct investment. This is the most basic from the start. The international firms would want to invest in production or business overseas for them to expand their territory and avail of some other economic advantages (Gomory and Baumol 540; Sato and Fukushige 62). Let us take the case of those companies trying to invest in China for them to avail of the country’s resources such as the work force and its associated lower cost. There are specific inputs that are necessary in the creation of product or service offerings. They have linked up costs. A company producing products that are too expensive because of the associated cost in the value chain may experience

Perspectives From West Africa Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Perspectives From West Africa - Movie Review Example The people interviewed to comment on various topics that range from the menace of apes destroying crops to butchers discussing their business. According to Aguibou Yansane, â€Å"The film depicts a lot of truths often avoided by more high profile documentaries and news reports in and on Africa.   It shows Africans as humane and striving to do well like all other human beings†. This documentary is divided into four parts. Each part explores a different country and dwells on different issues. In the first part Senegalese give their opinions on September 11, the United States foreign policy, Osama Bin Laden, former President Bill Clinton and George Bush. These opinions represent a wide spectrum and are valuable as Dakar, where the scenes are shot one year after September 11, is the vibrant capital of a pro-western, democratic country with ninety percent of its population being Muslims. The second part is about The Gambia. The Gambia is ranked almost at the bottom of the world’s economic indexes. However, people visiting Serekunda are surprised when they see the vigorous activity in the sprawling shops and marketplace. This is because even to earn a few dollars (local currency of Gambia) one has to be in the marketplace. In this part of the film, various small-scale entrepreneurs of The Gambia tell in their own words, how they "make their dalasi" in mar ketplaces. Part three is about the successes and challenges of community-based conservation projects that are aimed at providing protection to the natural environment as well as the economic development of the local communities in the forest regions of southern Guinea-Bissau. It includes viewpoints of a variety of local people like the vice-president of a local women’s association, the director of a community radio station, a government forestry worker, a local chief, a hunter, etc. The film also has rare footage of Africa’s chimpanzee.

Urban futures (tutorial short answers) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Urban futures (tutorial short answers) - Essay Example All such functions are important and take place side by side simultaneously in the same public space in a fine balance. According to Edensor (2011), public space is considered important due to the provision of social centers and necessary activities that occur in such space. A lot of joyful human activities are found in public space, and also offer more room and opportunities for people (Edensor, 2011). Lubin (2012) asserts that public space is formed through opening government buildings and property to the public such as public gardens and public libraries. The reformation and contestation of the public space is something of a hallmark for critical theory regarding geography, cultural studies, philosophy, visual art, urban design, and social studies. Public space has for sometime been miscomprehended to mean places like gathering halls which is technically the essence of the broader social space concept (Lubin, 2012). Edensor (2011) says that through the spatial organization and landscape of public space, the social construction of the public space is viewed to be ruled privately through the explicit and implicit expectations and rules of the public space that are enforced. According to the articles, everyone has a right to use and/ or access public space, in contrary to private space that has particular restrictions. There has been however some presence of academic interest in th e formation and management of public space in the cities. According to Lubin (2012), management measures have been taken to control usage of the public space. The benches have been designed to restrict people from resting and sleeping on them. In some situations, police forces are involved in restraining those who misuse the public space. This is a similar practice in most cities in taking care of the public space (Lubin, 2012). Both Edensor (2011) and Lubin (2012) say that the functions of public space is contested and reformed through the privately owned

Perspectives From West Africa Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Perspectives From West Africa - Movie Review Example The people interviewed to comment on various topics that range from the menace of apes destroying crops to butchers discussing their business. According to Aguibou Yansane, â€Å"The film depicts a lot of truths often avoided by more high profile documentaries and news reports in and on Africa.   It shows Africans as humane and striving to do well like all other human beings†. This documentary is divided into four parts. Each part explores a different country and dwells on different issues. In the first part Senegalese give their opinions on September 11, the United States foreign policy, Osama Bin Laden, former President Bill Clinton and George Bush. These opinions represent a wide spectrum and are valuable as Dakar, where the scenes are shot one year after September 11, is the vibrant capital of a pro-western, democratic country with ninety percent of its population being Muslims. The second part is about The Gambia. The Gambia is ranked almost at the bottom of the world’s economic indexes. However, people visiting Serekunda are surprised when they see the vigorous activity in the sprawling shops and marketplace. This is because even to earn a few dollars (local currency of Gambia) one has to be in the marketplace. In this part of the film, various small-scale entrepreneurs of The Gambia tell in their own words, how they "make their dalasi" in mar ketplaces. Part three is about the successes and challenges of community-based conservation projects that are aimed at providing protection to the natural environment as well as the economic development of the local communities in the forest regions of southern Guinea-Bissau. It includes viewpoints of a variety of local people like the vice-president of a local women’s association, the director of a community radio station, a government forestry worker, a local chief, a hunter, etc. The film also has rare footage of Africa’s chimpanzee.

Coretta Scott King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Coretta Scott King - Essay Example Discussion Coretta Scott King had worked most of her life for equal rights and peace among the mass. During the time when she was born, African Americans did not have the equivalent rights as other people had. The Scott family was also treated badly because they were African Americans3. The basic identity of Coretta Scott King had been shaped due to racism that she had to encounter in Alabama, in her formative years. She was by then a political activist before her marriage4. She had become a fervent follower of the left-wing Progressive Party, while breaching racial barriers at Antioch College as an undergraduate. Coretta Scott King was attracted to her future husband’s idealism after coming in the New England Conservatory, located in Boston in order to study music. Martin Luther’s rejection of the notion of â€Å"making all the money you can and ignoring people’s needs† had reinforced her own views. They married in the year 1953 and had moved to Alabama, where Dr. King became preacher of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. All through the 1950s and 1960s, she escorted her husband in his campaign for civil rights5. Coretta King emerged as a public figure primarily after the assassination of her husband. She sought opportunities to express her irrepressible idealism. Coretta Scott King joined ‘Women’s Strike for Peace to the Disarmament Conference’ held in Switzerland, Geneva, during the early 1960s expressing her opposition to the Vietnam War several years before her husband was willing to take a public anti-war stand. Similar to her husband, she too viewed the civil rights struggle in the broader context of anti-colonial movements in Asia and Africa, in the United States. She along with her husband attended the independence ceremony of Ghana, i.e. Africa’s first black-ruled nation in the year of 1957. In 1959, the Kings travelled to India, where she sang spiritual songs at events in which her husband spoke. After the family moved to Atlanta in the year 1960, she appealed to John F. Kennedy thereby helping to achieve her husband’s discharge from a Georgia reformatory. Furthermore, in 1964, she attended the ceremony in Norway, Oslo for which Dr. King had received Nobel Peace Prize. During mid - 1960s, Coretta King’s association in the civil rights movement had augmented because she took part in ‘freedom concerts’ that encompassed singing, poetry recitation and lectures representing the record of the civil rights movement. The proceeds received were bequeathed to the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Before 1968, she also maintained speaking about the commitments that her husband could not accomplish6. Coretta, being the founding president of the King Center, not only campaigned assiduously to establish the national King Holiday but also revealed her magnanimous vision of universal peace as well as social righteousness. She had dynamically propagated her husband’s philosophy of nonviolence after his assassination7. She strongly assumed that death penalty continues the cycle of brutality and shatters all anticipations for a descent civilization. Few days after her husband’s assassination, in Memphis, she led a march on behalf of her husband for sanitation workers. In addition, she also launched the